Pa Disembala 24, 2021, msonkhano wa 32 wa Komiti Yoyimilira ya 13th National People's Congress idakambirana ndikukhazikitsa "Lamulo Loletsa Kuwononga Phokoso la People's Republic of China" (lomwe lidzatchedwa "Noise Law"), lomwe lidzayambe kugwira ntchito pa June 5, 2022.
Kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa lamuloli Lamulo lapitalo la People's Republic of China pa Kupewa ndi Kuwongolera Phokoso Lachilengedwe lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira 1997, ndi zolemba zonse 64 m'machaputala asanu ndi atatu. Lamulo lokonzedwanso la “Noise Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China” linachotsa mawu oti “chilengedwe” m’dzina loyambirira la lamuloli.
Sun Youhai, wachiwiri kwa wapampando wa bungwe lofufuza za malamulo a zachilengedwe la China Law Society, mkulu wa sukulu ya malamulo ya Tianjin University, komanso katswiri wothandiza pa nkhani yokonza malamulo a phokoso, anati: “Popeza ndi phokoso lopangidwa ndi anthu, osati phokoso lachilengedwe, lomwe liyenera kupewedwa ndi kulamulidwa kuti lisokoneze anthu okhala m’deralo, lamulo latsopano la phokoso limafotokoza bwino lamuloli. Cholinga cha lamuloli ndi phokoso lopangidwa ndi anthu, lomwe lingathandize kuyang’ana kwambiri khalidwe la kuipitsa phokoso lopangidwa ndi anthu. Lamulo latsopano la phokoso limawonjezeranso phokoso la mafakitale ku phokoso lopangidwa mu ntchito zopangira, limawonjezera kuwongolera zida zamafakitale zomwe zingayambitse kuipitsa phokoso, komanso limafotokoza bwino kugwedezeka kwa chilengedwe. Miyezo yowongolera ndi miyezo, ndi zina zotero.”
Sun Youhai adanena kuti "Lamulo la Phokoso" limatanthauziranso tanthauzo la kuipitsidwa kwa phokoso, ndipo limamveketsa bwino kuti "kuwonongeka kwaphokoso kumatanthawuza chinthu chomwe chimaposa mulingo wotulutsa phokoso kapena kulephera kutenga njira zopewera ndi kuwongolera molingana ndi malamulo kuti apange phokoso ndikusokoneza moyo wabwinobwino, ntchito ndi kuphunzira kwa ena", kuti athetse mavuto ena. Pali vuto la mipata yoyang'anira m'malamulo omwe alipo okhudzana ndi kuwonongeka kwa phokoso. Lamulo latsopano laphokoso limayang'ana pazochitika zomwe kulibe miyezo yotulutsa phokoso m'malo ena omwe amapanga phokoso. Pamaziko a "kupitirira muyezo + kusokoneza anthu", chodabwitsa cha "kusatenga njira zodzitetezera ndi kulamulira malinga ndi lamulo" zomwe zimasokoneza moyo wamba, ntchito ndi kuphunzira kwa ena zimatanthauzidwa ngati phokoso. kuipitsa, kukula kwa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa lamulo kwakulitsidwa motsatira lamulo.
Ganizirani za vuto la phokoso la phokoso
Pankhani ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa lamulo, funso loyamba lomwe anthu wamba amasamala nalo ndi lakuti "Kodi izi zikukhudza bwanji moyo wanga?" Kuyang'ana kwambiri kuthetsa vuto la kusokonezeka kwa phokoso ndilofunika kwambiri pa Lamulo la Phokoso.
"Lamulo la Phokoso" lili ndi malamulo atsatanetsatane oletsa ndi kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa phokoso m'mafakitale, kupewa ndi kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa phokoso la zomangamanga, kupewa ndi kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa magalimoto ndi zoyendera, komanso kupewa ndi kuwongolera kuipitsidwa kwa phokoso m'mitu 4, 5, 6, ndi 7 motsatana.
Ponena za nkhani ya phokoso la ma square dancing lomwe likusokoneza anthu, lomwe ndi lodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri, Gawo 64 la Lamulo la Phokoso limati: “N’zoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zokamba zaphokoso kwambiri m’madera amene m’nyumba zosamva phokoso, kupatulapo pakachitika ngozi komanso pamikhalidwe yapadera yoperekedwa ndi boma la anthu a m’deralo. ndi zina zotero, malamulo okhudza malo ochitirako zinthu, nthawi, kuchuluka kwa zinthu, ndi zina zotero za woyang’anira malo a anthu azionedwa, ndipo njira zogwira mtima ziyenera kuchitidwa pofuna kupewa kuipitsidwa kwa phokoso Oyang’anira malo opezeka anthu ambiri ayenera kufotokoza momveka bwino malo, nthawi, ndi kuchuluka kwa zochitika monga zosangalatsa ndi kulimbitsa thupi, ndipo atha kuchitapo kanthu monga kukhazikitsa kuwunika kwa phokoso ndi kusonyeza malo ochitirapo kanthu.
Pankhani ya vuto la phokoso laphokoso m'malo amalonda monga mipiringidzo, "Lamulo la Phokoso" likufuna momveka bwino kuti oyendetsa zosangalatsa zachikhalidwe, masewera, zakudya ndi malo ena achitepo kanthu kuti ateteze ndi kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa phokoso, ndi kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito zokuzira mawu m'zochitika zamalonda.
Pankhani ya kubangula kwa magalimoto “kuphulitsa mabomba m’makwalala” ndi kusokoneza anthu, Ndime 47 ya Lamulo la Phokoso imati: “Mabomba ndi nyanga za magalimoto azitsatira malamulo a boma.” N’zoletsedwa kuyendetsa galimoto iliyonse imene imachotsa kapena kuwononga ziboliboli, kuika mapaipi otulutsa mpweya, ndi zina zotero popanda chilolezo. pogwiritsa ntchito zida zomvera zamagalimoto, kuchuluka kwake kuyenera kuyendetsedwa kuti magalimoto asamawonongeke komanso kusamalidwa kuti azitha kuchita bwino komanso kupewa kuwononga phokoso.
Kuonjezera apo, pamayeso omwe akubwerawa olowera kukoleji, Ndime 33 ya Lamulo la Phokoso ikunena kuti pazochitika zapadera monga mayeso olowera m'masukulu a sekondale ndi mayeso olumikizana olowera m'makoleji ndi mayunivesite, boma la anthu am'deralo kapena dipatimenti yomwe idasankhidwa lingayambitse phokoso. ntchito, kupanga zoletsa nthawi ndi dera, ndikulengeza kwa anthu pasadakhale.
Limbikitsani kapewedwe ndi kuwongolera komwe kumayambitsa kuwononga chilengedwe
Lin Canling, pulofesa wa malamulo apadziko lonse a zachilengedwe ku China University of Political Science and Law, akukhulupirira kuti m'mbuyomu, poyang'anira kuwonongeka kwa phokoso, panali vuto loyang'ana pa mapeto a ulamuliro pa kupewa ndi kulamulira gwero.
“Lamulo la Phokoso” lawonjezeranso zofunika poika malire madera amene nyumba zosamva phokoso zimakhazikika; ikufotokoza momveka bwino kuti kukonzekera zikalata zowunika za chilengedwe kuyenera kukhala ndi kupewa ndi kuwongolera kuwononga phokoso; imathandizira dongosolo loletsa phokoso lazinthu, pazida zamafakitale zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa phokoso, Kwa makina omanga ndi zinthu zina, malire a phokoso amafunikira kufotokozedwa muzofotokozera zawo zaukadaulo kapena miyezo yamtundu wazinthu; zikufotokozedwa momveka bwino kuti kumanga nyumba zosamva phokoso kuyenera kutsatiridwa ndi milingo yoyenera yopangira zotsekera mawu a nyumba za anthu; kukonzekera ndi kuteteza ndi kulamulira phokoso la mafakitale ndi phokoso la magalimoto awonjezedwa. Zofunikira, miyezo yatsopano yowongolera kugwedezeka kwa chilengedwe ndi zofunikira. Kulimbikitsa Kusiyanasiyana ndi Ulamuliro Wamodzi.
"Malinga ndi "Lamulo la Phokoso", gawo lililonse kapena munthu aliyense ali ndi udindo woteteza chilengedwe chomvera mawu, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo ali ndi ufulu wopeza chidziwitso cha chilengedwe cha acoustic, kutenga nawo mbali ndi kuyang'anira kupewa ndi kuwongolera kuwonongeka kwa phokoso." Woweruza wamkulu Wu Sheng adanena.
Lamulo la Phokoso limakhazikitsa mfundo yoyendetsera mgwirizano pakati pa anthu, ndikuwonjezera mfundo zokhuza maphunziro a zachilengedwe ndi kutenga nawo mbali kwa anthu; akuwonjezera zofunikira pakupanga malo opanda phokoso kuti alimbikitse kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo abata monga madera abata ndi ma ngolo zabata; akuwonjezera makonzedwe odzilamulira okha kuti apereke ufulu wonse kwa anthu apansi. Malinga ndi zofunikira za kupewa ndi kuwononga kuwononga phokoso, mabungwe akuluakulu odzilamulira okha, makomiti a eni ake, ndi opereka chithandizo cha katundu ali ndi chilolezo choletsa ndi kuthetsa kusokonezeka kwa phokoso m'moyo wa anthu.
Sun Youhai amakhulupirira kuti "Lamulo la Phokoso" limaphatikizapo mabungwe odziyimira pawokha, mabungwe azikhalidwe, oyang'anira malo aboma, makomiti a eni, ogwira ntchito zanyumba, odzipereka ndi maphunziro ena m'mabungwe akuluakulu othana ndi mikangano yambiri, ndipo amalimbikitsa kulengeza ndi maphunziro azamalamulo, zomwe zimathandizira kulimbikitsa kuwongolera ndi kuletsa kuipitsidwa kwatsopano. “Makhoti a anthu ayenera kuyesetsa kupereka mautumiki amphamvu ndi zitsimikiziro zankhondo yolimbana ndi kuipitsidwa kwaphokoso, kupereka zopereka zoyenerera ku kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa Lamulo la Phokoso, kusandutsa ‘malamulo pamapepala’ kukhala ‘malamulo ogwira ntchito’, ndi kugwiritsira ntchito lamulo Lamulo Zida zamalamulo zimatetezera dziko logwirizana ndi lamtendere.” Wu Sheng adati.
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