Monga njira yokhazikika yogwiritsira ntchito madzi, kuchotsa mchere wa solar kuli ndi mwayi waukulu kuthetsa vuto la kuchepa kwa madzi abwino osakwanira komanso kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa madzi. Komabe, ukadaulo wochotsa mchere m'madzi am'nyanja nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi zovuta monga kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, zida zovuta, komanso kukwera mtengo.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, matekinoloje atsopano opaka mchere opangidwa ndi nanomatadium akopa chidwi cha ofufuza. Graphene oxide yachepetsa graphene, ngati chinthu chatsopano chamitundu iwiri, yawonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu pakuchotsa mchere wa dzuwa.
Poyerekeza ndi zida zachikhalidwe zothira mchere, rGO ili ndi maubwino owongolera bwino, malo okwera kwambiri komanso kusasunthika kwamankhwala, ndipo ikuyembekezeka kupititsa patsogolo kutulutsa mchere komanso kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
Komabe, rGO yokha ili ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kusonkhana ndi kukhazikika, zomwe zimachepetsa ntchito yake komanso kukhazikika kwake. Chifukwa chake, kukonza rGO pa zipangizo za thovu kuti ipange thovu la melamine / rGO composite coating kwakhala njira yothandiza yowonjezerera mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa desalination.
Mwa kusintha pamwamba ndi kulimbikitsa zonyamulira katundu wa thovu zinthu, ife uniformly anakonza rGO pa thovu pamwamba kuonjezera malo okhudzana ndi ayoni mchere m'madzi. Nthawi yomweyo, kapangidwe ndi makulidwe a zokutira za rGO zimayendetsedwa kuti ziwonjezeke bwino komanso kukhazikika kwa desalination.
Kuti timvetsetse mozama za njira yochotsera mchere, tidakonzanso thovu la graphene oxide (rGO). Foam ya melamine yopangidwa ndi graphene trioxide imakhala ndi porous microstructure ndi hydrophilicity, yomwe imalola kuti ikhale yonyowa bwino ndipo imatha kukopa madzi kumalo omwe amatulutsa nthunzi, kulola kuti madzi abwerenso mwachangu ndikupewa mvula yamchere.
The interfacial evaporation system ya graphene oxide- TACHIMATA melamine thovu imatha kukwaniritsa mpweya wabwino wa 89.6% pansi pa 1kW m−2 mafuta a solar. Dongosolo la mpweya wolumikizana ndi nkhopeli lili ndi kusinthika kwamphamvu kwa solar-to-heat komanso kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali, kuwonetsa kuthekera kochotsa mchere m'madzi am'nyanja.
Pakalipano, vuto la mphamvu padziko lonse lapansi ndi kusowa kwa madzi zakhala ziwopsezo zazikulu ku chitukuko chokhazikika cha anthu. Pofuna kukwaniritsa kufunikira kwa mphamvu zomwe zikukula, kutukuka kwa njira zosiyanasiyana zosinthira mphamvu zamagetsi komanso kuyeretsa madzi kwalandira chidwi chowonjezeka.
Tekinoloje ya solar powered interfacial evaporation technology
Monga gwero lodalirika la mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu kwambiri, zapadziko lonse lapansi, zaukhondo, ndi kuthekera kosintha zinthu zambiri. Zawonetsa kuthekera kosintha mafuta omwe amasungidwa ndi mafuta oyambira.
Kuphatikiza pa teknoloji ya photovoltaic ya dzuwa yomwe imapanga mwachindunji mphamvu yamagetsi, teknoloji yotembenuza mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa imatenganso mphamvu ya dzuwa ndikuyisintha kukhala mphamvu yotentha, yomwe imatengedwa kuti ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu za dzuwa.
Mphamvu zotentha zomwe zimasinthidwa kuchokera ku mphamvu ya dzuwa zimatha kuyendetsa njira zofunika kwambiri zamafakitale monga malo opangira magetsi a solar, desalination ya solar, sterilization, makina otenthetsera madzi a dzuwa ndi ntchito zina zokhudzana ndi kutentha. Solar desalination imapereka yankho logwira mtima, makamaka kumadera omwe alibe zomangamanga, chifukwa imatha kutulutsa madzi abwino m'madzi a m'nyanja popanda kuwonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, ukadaulo wopangidwa ndi solar-driven interfacial evaporation umayika njira yosinthira kutentha kwa dzuwa pamalo opangira mpweya wamadzimadzi ndipo yakhala ukadaulo watsopano wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya dzuwa. Poyerekeza ndi zotenthetsera zachikhalidwe, makina otulutsa madzi akunja amawonetsa kutulutsa bwino komanso kuyankha mwachangu kwa kutentha ndipo ndi njira ina yochotsera mchere m'madzi am'nyanja.
Pakalipano, kafukufuku wambiri wachitika pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kachitidwe ka kutentha kwa machitidwe a interfacial evaporation. Dongosolo lomwe limayendetsedwa ndi solar interfacial evaporation lili ndi magawo atatu:
Chotsitsa cha dzuwa chokhala ndi mayamwidwe apamwamba a dzuwa ndikusintha bwino ma radiation a dzuwa kukhala mphamvu ya kutentha; insulator yomwe imasamutsira kutentha kotembenuzidwa kumadzi ochuluka; ndi njira yoperekera madzi yomwe imakoka madzi mosalekeza kuchokera kumadzi ochuluka kupita pamwamba pa chotengera cha dzuwa.
Mu kafukufuku wakale, ofufuza ambiri adzipereka okha kuti akonze bwino kusintha kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa kuchokera ku nthunzi kupita ku dzuwa mwa kupanga zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa, kukonza mapangidwe a njira zatsopano zoperekera madzi, komanso kukonza nyumba zotetezera kutentha.
Pakalipano, machitidwe oyendetsa dzuwa a interfacial evaporation akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri, kuchititsa kuti ma solar distillation, sterilization, solar desalination ndi kupanga magetsi a dzuwa. Kuti mukwaniritse magwiridwe antchito amtundu wa evaporation, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mayamwidwe a Broadband kudutsa ma solar a solar absorption.
Zipangizo zotengera mphamvu za dzuwa zomwe zimapangidwa ndikufufuzidwa m'makina otulutsa mpweya woyendetsedwa ndi dzuwa makamaka zimakhala ndi zinthu zokhala ndi mpweya, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta plasmonic ndi zinthu zomwe zimasankha mwanzeru. Pakati pawo, zinthu zachilengedwe zakuda ndi za carbonaceous zimakhala ndi mphamvu zosinthira kutentha kwa dzuwa ndipo ndizoyenera kugwiritsira ntchito burodibandi ndi zotsekemera zotentha kwambiri za dzuwa.
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe adzuwa, kutsika mtengo, komanso kukhazikika kwabwino, zotengera zambiri za solar zochokera ku carbon zaphunziridwa, kuphatikiza ma carbon nanotubes, graphite, ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa graphene oxide. Pambuyo pazaka zachitukuko, kusinthika kwadongosolo kwa solar-to-steam masana kwafika kupitilira 90%.
Ngakhale kuti pakhala kusintha kwakukulu pakupanga zida zoyamwa mphamvu za dzuwa ndi kupanga mapangidwe a evaporation, zida zambiri zomwe zidanenedwapo kale zochotsa mchere m'thupi zinali chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mchere pamwamba pa evaporator panthawi yochotsa mchere. Mchere wowunjika umalepheretsa kuyamwa kwa dzuŵa ndikutchinga evaporator ya porous, zomwe zimapangitsa kutsika kwamphamvu kwa kutembenuka kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito kwa nthunzi.
Traditional thupi njira monga akupanga mafunde ndi kumiza madzi zambiri ntchito kuchotsa anasonkhanitsa mchere, koma njira zimenezi mosavuta kuwononga mawonekedwe evaporation dongosolo.
Pofuna kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mchere m'makina amtundu wa evaporation, maphunziro ambiri amayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga evaporation ya hydrophobic. Komabe, ma evaporator a hydrophobic amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi pamwamba, potero amachepetsa magwiridwe antchito amtunduwu. Njira ina yothetsera vutoli ndi kugwiritsa ntchito evaporator ya hydrophilic, yomwe imasuntha mchere wochuluka kuchokera pamwamba kupita kumadzi ambiri.
Mpaka pano, kafukufuku wambiri adayang'ana pakupanga ma evaporator a hydrophilic, monga ma membrane a hydrophilic cellulose, membranes a hydrophilic membranes, ndi evaporators ouziridwa ndi bio. Koma kupanga njira yokhazikika yokhazikika komanso yothandiza kwambiri yoyendetsedwa ndi dzuwa yoyendetsedwa ndi dzuwa ndizovuta kwambiri.
Mu phunziroli, tikuwonetsa thovu losamva mchere, logwira ntchito bwino la solar komanso loyankha mwachangu kutenthedwa kwa graphene oxide (rGO) pochotsa mchere woyendetsedwa ndi solar pansi pa kuwala kwadzuwa kocheperako.
Mu kapangidwe katsopano kamene kali ndi mapokoso, thovu la melamine lophilic (MF) linasankhidwa kukhala maziko, lomwe silimangokulitsa malo oti dzuwa lizilowa komanso limawonjezera kufalikira kwa zinthu zambiri.
Pamwamba hydrophilicity ndi porosity wa kuchepetsedwa graphene okusayidi TACHIMATA melamine thovu kupereka mokwanira kunyowetsa ndi maphatikizidwe wa dzuwa kutentha kutembenuka zone, komanso mofulumira replenishment madzi, pamene kupewa kudzikundikira mchere.
Kutengera mwayi wakuchita bwino kwa foam yochepetsedwa ya graphene oxide-yokutidwa ndi melamine, mawonekedwe amtundu wa solar amatha kusintha kutentha kwa 89.6%.
Kuphatikiza apo, pophatikiza thovu la melamine lochepetsedwa la graphene oxide-lokutidwa ndi mphamvu yoyendera dzuwa, tidapanga ndi kupanga chida chochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja choyendetsedwa ndi dzuwa ndi mphamvu yosinthira dzuwa kupita kumadzi ya 56.4% masana. Chifukwa cha desalination ya dzuwa, madzi oyera omwe amasonkhanitsidwa ndi ofunikira kumwa.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino kwambiri komanso kusinthasintha kwa zinthu zosinthira kutentha kwadzuwa kupita ku matenthedwe, dongosololi lochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja moyendetsedwa ndi solar limapereka mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito pochotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja.
Scalability wa solar desalination kutentha kutengerapo zipangizo
Dongosolo la evaporation lopangidwa ndi graphene oxide lokutidwa ndi melamine thovu. Ter graphene okusayidi TACHIMATA thovu melamine ndi pakati ndipo wokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza polyethylene (PE) thovu kunja kumanga kudziona kuwira interfacial evaporation dongosolo.
Melamine thovu lokutidwa ndi tellurium-kuchepetsedwa graphene okusayidi amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga kuyamwa macheza adzuwa, kutembenuza mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala kutentha, ndi kupanga mphamvu yoyendetsa kuti madzi aziwoneka. Kumbali inayi, hydrophilic yochepetsedwa ndi thovu la graphene okusayidi-lokutidwa ndi melamine imatha kukokera mosalekeza brine m'dera la evaporation.
Kapangidwe ka porous ka graphene trioxide- TACHIMATA melamine thovu amalola kwaiye nthunzi kuthawira mu chilengedwe, kulimbikitsa analanda kuwala kwa dzuwa ndipo motero kuwonjezera dzuwa kutembenuka kwa dzuwa-kutentha. Foam yochepetsedwa ya graphene oxide-coated-coated melamine ndi porous komanso hydrophilic, yomwe imalola kuti ikoke madzi mumpangidwe wa evaporation wafotokozedwa pamwambapa pomwe ikuphwanyanso mchere wokhazikika m'madzi am'nyanja ambiri.
Pa nthawi ya nthunzi, kuchuluka kwa mchere pa thovu kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kuchuluka kwa madzi a m'nyanja pansi pake. Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mchere kumapangitsa kuti mcherewo usweke m'madzi ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, thovu la polyethylene lozungulira silimangochepetsa thovu la melamine lopangidwa ndi graphene oxide , komanso limasonkhana mwachilengedwe pamwamba pa madzi, zomwe zimaletsa kutayika kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha madzi amchere ozungulira.
Mawonekedwe a evaporation amatha kugwira ntchito mosalekeza komanso moyenera pamadzi popanda kufunikira kwa mapangidwe ovuta. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza mpweya umapezeka pamalo amadzi a gasi, mawonekedwe amtundu wa evaporation amatha kuyenda okha pomwe mawonekedwewo atsika.
Tellurium-kuchepetsa graphene okusayidi- TACHIMATA melamine thovu ndi chigawo chachikulu cha interfacial evaporation system. Chithovu cha melamine chinamizidwa mu kuyimitsidwa kwa graphene oxide colloidal kukonzekera chithovu cha graphene okusayidi chokutidwa ndi melamine, ndiyeno graphene okusayidi idachepetsedwa kukhala graphene okusayidi pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya hydrothermal.
Kuchepetsa graphene okusayidi- TACHIMATA melamine thovu ndi awiri 3.5 masentimita ndi makulidwe 1.6 masentimita n'zosavuta kupanga ndipo mtundu wake ndi wakuda kwambiri.
Kuuma kwa pamwamba pa zinthu zochepetsedwa za graphene okusayidi-zokutidwa ndi melamine thovu zomwe zimawonedwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu owoneka bwino adimensional atatu zidawonetsa kutalika kopitilira 300 μm. Mawonekedwe owopsa amtundu wa solar thermal conversion composites makamaka amachokera ku mawonekedwe a porous a thovu la melamine, ndipo kusinthidwa kocheperako kwa graphene oxide kumawonjezeranso roughness pamwamba.
Kuvuta kwapamtunda kumakulitsa malo omwe amayamwa ndi dzuwa pomwe kumachulukitsa kufalikira kwa dzuwa, motero kumapangitsa kuti makinawo azisintha kwambiri. Microstructure wa okonzeka melamine thovu pa magnifications osiyana. Chophimba cha graphene oxide-chokutidwa ndi melamine thovu chimawonetsa mawonekedwe opindika komanso olumikizana.
Kukula kwa pore kwa thovu la melamine lokutidwa ndi rGO kuli pakati pa 20 ndi 40 μm. The lotseguka pore dongosolo ndi makwinya pamwamba amathandizira mafunsidwe wa graphene okusayidi. The kuchepetsedwa graphene okusayidi- TACHIMATA melamine thovu ali bwino madzi wettability chifukwa hydrophilicity wa porous melamine thovu.
Kadontho kamadzi kakakhudza pamwamba pa foam yochepetsedwa ya graphene oxide- TACHIMATA melamine thovu, imalowa mkati mwa masekondi 0.5. The hydrophilic pamwamba ya kuchepetsedwa graphene okusayidi nsanganizo akhoza kutsogolera mwamsanga ngalande mkati porous dongosolo. The porosity wa kuchepetsedwa graphene okusayidi TACHIMATA melamine thovu anatsimikiza poyerekezera misa kusintha pamaso ndi pambuyo mayamwidwe madzi.
The porosity wa graphene okusayidi TACHIMATA melamine thovu akhoza kufika 85.55%. Mayamwidwe a mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi kuchepetsedwa kwa thovu la graphene oxide-lokutidwa ndi melamine kumakhudza mwachindunji kusinthika kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha kwadongosolo. Kuti muwunikire kukana kwa mchere, chithovu chochepetsedwa cha graphene oxide chokutidwa ndi melamine chinayikidwa mu sodium chloride solution (3.5 wt%).
Kenako 3 g ya sodium chloride yolimba idayikidwa kumtunda ndipo thovu la melamine lokutidwa ndi Tergo linayikidwa pa mphamvu ya dzuwa ya 1 kW m-2. Kuchuluka kwa mchere wolimba kumasungunuka pang'onopang'ono pakatha mphindi 120.
Pamene kuwala kwa dzuwa kukuwala pamwamba pa thovu la melamine lophimbidwa ndi rGO , kutentha kwa thovu la melamine lophimbidwa ndi rGO kumakwera mofulumira mkati mwa mphindi zochepa ndipo kumakhalabe pa 35°C panthawi yonse ya nthunzi. Popeza kusungunuka kwa mchere kumadalira kutentha, kutentha kukakhala kwakukulu, mchere umasungunuka mofulumira ndipo motero chitsulo cha mchere chimatha kusungunukanso m'madzi apamwamba.
Mu kuchepetsedwa graphene okusayidi TACHIMATA thovu melamine, amene ali ambiri pores ndi mkulu mayamwidwe mphamvu madzi amene angapereke mosalekeza madzi okwanira pamwamba pamwamba, mchere akhoza kusuntha kuchokera pamwamba pamwamba mpaka sublayer madzi. Kusintha kwa kutentha kumabweretsa kusintha kwa mchere pakati pa pamwamba pa nthunzi ndi thupi.
Pofuna kupeza burodibandi komanso kuyamwa bwino kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa, thovu la melamine lidasinthidwa ndi thovu la porous hydrophilic melamine, potero likuwonjezera kuyamwa kwa dzuwa ndikuwonjezera kubalalitsidwa kangapo.
Dongosolo la solar interfacial evaporation system yotengera thovu la melamine lokutidwa ndi rGO limawonetsa kuyankha mwachangu pamagetsi adzuwa a 1 kW m−2, ndikupangitsa kuti kutentha kwadzuwa kukhale kosasunthika kwa 89.6%.
Pomaliza, tidaphatikizira chotsitsa cha graphene oxide chokutidwa ndi melamine foam evaporator mu solar, chomwe chitha kutulutsa madzi akumwa 56.4% okhala ndi mchere wambiri pa 1 kW m-2.
Tikuganiza kuti chipangizo chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yadzuwa chochotsa mchere m'madzichi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzilumba zakutali kapena m'nyanja kuti atenge madzi akumwa kuchokera m'madzi ambiri am'nyanja kapena m'madzi ena amchere.
Kutsiliza
Desalination rGO- TACHIMATA thovu melamine, monga nzeru ndi kothandiza dzuwa desalination luso, ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu ndi ziyembekezo ntchito. Sizingangopereka madzi abwino odalirika kumadera opanda madzi, komanso kuchepetsa kudalira mphamvu zachikhalidwe, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso kuwononga chilengedwe.
Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu zidzathandiza kwambiri kuthetsa vuto la kuchepa kwa madzi abwino padziko lonse lapansi ndikulimbikitsa kukwaniritsidwa kwa chitukuko chokhazikika.
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza SINOYQX Melamine Foam, chonde titumizireni uthenga pa [email protected] kapena titumizireni uthenga pa: +86-28-8411-1861.
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