Kusoŵa kwa madzi abwino ndi vuto lomwe likukulirakulirabe pa chitukuko cha anthu. Akuti 29% ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi alibe madzi abwino akumwa, ndipo kufunikira kwa madzi aukhondo kukukulirakulirabe chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu komanso zovuta zachilengedwe. Madzi aukhondo okhudzana ndi ukhondo ndiwofunikira kwambiri potengera kufalikira kwa matenda a coronavirus (Neocoronavirus chibayo). Kutentha kwamadzi oyendetsedwa ndi dzuwa kumatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamaukadaulo odalirika popanga madzi aukhondo kuchokera m'madzi am'nyanja ndi madzi oyipa pogwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa ngati njira yokhayo yopangira mphamvu. Tekinolojeyi imadalira kwambiri zinthu zotengera dzuwa, zomwe zimakhala ngati evaporator kuti zisinthe mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala kutentha kuti ipange nthunzi. Kuti tikwaniritse kuchuluka kwa madzi a nthunzi komanso kusintha kwa kutentha kwa dzuwa, zinthu zoyenera ziyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zambiri zoyamwitsa kuti zigwiritse ntchito bwino gawo lalikulu la solar spectrum, kutsika kwa matenthedwe kuletsa kutayika kwa kutentha, ndi njira zitatu (3D) porous njira zoyendera bwino zamadzi. Pakalipano, asayansi apanga zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za photothermal zochokera ku carbon (mwachitsanzo, graphene kapena carbon nanotubes), ma polima, zitsulo ndi oxides zitsulo ndi ma hybrids awo, ndi zina zotero.
Asayansi akhala akugwira ntchito molimbika kuti afufuze ndi kupanga zopambana zambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa, kotero tiyeni tiphunzire kuchokera m'mabuku angapo apamutu za momwe kafukufuku akuyendera pakupanga madzi oyera a photothermal m'zaka zaposachedwa.
- Kulankhulana Kwachilengedwe: Masamba a zomera amalimbikitsa zoyeretsa zoyendera mphamvu za solar, zamphamvu kwambiri
Masamba a zomera zachilengedwe za mitsempha yamagazi amadalira kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa osmotic, kutuluka kwa madzi ndi kutulutsa madzi kuti apange madzi ambiri oyera, oyendetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Polimbikitsidwa ndi izi, ofufuza a gulu la Chun Li ku Qinghua University anena kuti chotsukira choyendetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa chimapangitsa kuti madzi aziyeretsedwa bwino komanso kuti apangidwe bwino. Chotsukira choyendetsedwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwachi chili ndi poly(N-isopropylaclamide) hydrogel (PN) yolimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri yomwe imakhazikika pa msana wa melamine foam wokhuthala kwambiri ndipo yokutidwa ndi nembanemba ya fyuluta ya PNIPAm-modified graphene (PG) kunja. Kuyerekezera kwa mamolekyulu ndi zotsatira zoyesera zawonetsa kuti mawonekedwe a superhydrophilic a msana wa melamine wolimba kwambiri adathandizira kwambiri kuchuluka kwa kutupa/kuchotsa kutupa kwa chotsukira cha PNPG-F. Pansi pa kuwala komweko kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa, kapangidwe kameneka kopangidwa mwanzeru kanapereka kusonkhanitsa kwa 4.2 kg/m2/h ndi >99% kuchotsa ma ion pa PNPG-F imodzi kuchokera ku chakudya cha brine kudzera mu zotsatira zogwirizana za evaporation ndi kuwonjezera madontho. Wolembayo akuwona momwe zinthu zingagwiritsire ntchito bwino kwambiri njira yoyendetsera dzuwa imeneyi m'njira zosiyanasiyana zoyeretsera madzi. Kafukufukuyu adasindikizidwa ngati pepala lotchedwa “Plant leaves inspired sunlight-driven purifier for high-efficiency cleaner production” mu Nature subjournal Nature communications.
- Kupititsa patsogolo Sayansi: Ma hydratable polima maukonde a ma hydrogel omwe amayamwa kuwala kuti ayeretse madzi a solar
Kutentha kwamadzi adzuwa poyeretsa madzi ndiukadaulo wodalirika wopangira madzi abwino. Komabe, kupanga nthunzi wadzuwa kumakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azikhala ochepa masana. Chifukwa chake, pakufunika kwambiri kupanga zida zatsopano zomwe zingachepetse kufunikira kwa mphamvu kuti madzi asamawonongeke ndikufulumizitsa kuyeretsa madzi adzuwa. Gulu la Pulofesa Guihua Yu ku Austin, Texas, USA, linanena za hydrogel (h-LAH) yomwe imakhala ndi hydrated kwambiri yoyamwa kuwala kopangidwa ndi polyvinyl mowa ndi chitosan monga hydration backbone ndi polypyrrole monga choyatsira kuwala, chomwe chingagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zochepa (<50% ya voliyumu ya madzi) kuti zisungunuke madzi. Zinasonyezedwa kuti kuonjezera mphamvu ya hydration ya h-LAH kungasinthe mkhalidwe wa madzi ndi kuyambitsa madzi pang'ono, potero kumapangitsa kuti madzi asamawonongeke. h-LAH inachulukitsa kupanga nthunzi wadzuwa kufika pamlingo wa ~ 3.6 kg/m2/h padzuwa limodzi. h-LAH-based solar evaporation madzi adawonetsanso kulimba kwa nthawi yayitali komanso antifouling katundu motsutsana ndi zovuta zoyipa za ionic. Kafukufukuyu adasindikizidwa mu pepala lotchedwa "Plant masamba adalimbikitsa kuyeretsa koyendetsedwa ndi dzuwa kuti apange madzi abwino kwambiri" mu Science subjournal Science Advances ".
- Angew: Zipangizo za COF zokhala ndi superhydrophilicity komanso kuyamwa kwakutali kwa kuwala kwamphamvu kwamadzi otenthetsera madzi.
Mayamwidwe achilengedwe a hydrophobicity komanso mayamwidwe ochepa a ma porous organic organic polima, makamaka m'dera lapafupi ndi infrared (NIR), ndi zopinga ziwiri zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya solar steam generation (SSG). Ofufuza a gulu la Xiaoli Yan ku Jilin University apanga covalent organic framework (COF) yozikidwa pa 1,4,5,8 tetrakis(phenylamino)anthracene-9,10-dione (TPAD) (TPAD-COF), yomwe imadziwika ndi superhydrophilicity komanso kuyamwa kwa kuwala kotakata komwe kumaphimba SSG kuchokera kudera lonse la UV/UV. TPAD-COF, monga chosinthira champhamvu cha Photothermal popanda zowonjezera zilizonse, imawonetsa kutuluka kwamadzi kwabwino kwambiri kwa 1.42 kg/m2/h ndipo imakwaniritsa kutembenuka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu kwa 94% pansi pa kuwala kumodzi kwa dzuwa. Kuwonjezedwa kwina kwa TPAD-based COF mayamwidwe a kuwala kunapezedwa ndi kusintha kwapambuyo kwa mamolekyu a chelated BF2. Kuyesera koyang'anira mwadongosolo ndi kusanthula kumatsimikizira kuti hydrophilicity ya zinthu zosinthika za Photothermal zimagwira ntchito yayikulu kwambiri mu COFs zapano za TPAD zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa madzi a photothermal. Ntchito yofufuzayo, yotchedwa "Superhydrophilic2D Covalent Organic Frameworks as Broadband Absorbers for Efficient Solar Steam Generation," idasindikizidwa mu nyuzipepala yapadziko lonse ya Angewise. Ntchitoyi idasindikizidwa m'magazini apamwamba apadziko lonse a Angew. Chemu. Int. Mkonzi.
- JACS: Hydrophilic-hydrophobic dual-region COF/graphene hydrogel for photothermal madzi evaporation
Kutentha kwa madzi a solar ndiukadaulo wokhazikika woyeretsa madzi womwe ungathandize kuchepetsa kusowa kwa madzi padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, ukadaulo uwu ukukumana ndi zovuta zazikulu chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso kutsika kwa nthunzi kwamadzi. Gulu la Prof. Arne Thomas ku Technical University of Berlin, Germany, linanena za covalent organic framework (COF)/graphene dual-region hydrogel yomwe ili ndi zigawo zonse za hydrophilic ndi hydrophobic muzinthu imodzi kudzera mu njira yosavuta yopangira kukula. The hydrophilic COF chimakwirira gawo la hydrophobic graphene dera. Poyang'anira bwino zigawo ziwiri zonyowa, haibridi ya hydrogel imawonetsa kukolola kopepuka, kunyowa koyenera, kukhathamiritsa kwamadzi, komanso kuchepa kwa mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira kuti madzi asamakhale nthunzi. Monga chotengera cha solar, hydrogel ya zigawo ziwiri imakwaniritsa kuchuluka kwa nthunzi mpaka 3.69 kg/m2/h kwa 1 kuwala kwa dzuwa (1kw/m2), komwe kumafanana ndi zida zina zapamwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, evaporator ya hydrogel iyi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga madzi amchere kuchokera m'madzi am'nyanja ndi zimbudzi, kuwonetsa kuthekera kwakuthira madzi. Ntchito yofufuzayo idasindikizidwa mu nyuzipepala ya JACS monga "A Covalent Organic Framework/Graphene Dual-Region Hydrogel for Enhanced Solar-Driven Water Generation", JACS, magazini apamwamba padziko lonse lapansi.
- Kupita Patsogolo kwa Sayansi: Tsamba la Kakombo lamadzi-lomwe limapangitsa kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino wa photothermal water evaporator
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kutulutsa mpweya wa solar kwawonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu pakukwaniritsa kusinthika kwamphamvu kwamphamvu pakuchotsa mchere komanso kuthira madzi oyipa. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa evaporation sikungasungidwe chifukwa chowoneka ngati chosapeŵeka kudzikundikira kwa nyansi kapena mchere pa chotengera cha solar. Kuwonongeka kumawonjezeka pamene ndende ya solute ikuwonjezeka. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, gulu la Prof. Jia Zhu ku yunivesite ya Nanjing, lolimbikitsidwa ndi mapangidwe a masamba a kakombo wamadzi, linapanga mapangidwe amitundu yambiri (Water-lily-inspired Hierarchical Structure (WHS) photothermal-vapor conversion device, yomwe ingathe kukwaniritsa 80% photothermal kutembenuka kwachangu pochiza 10 wt 30% ya mchere wamadzi ndi wofunika kwambiri wa madzi. kutchula kuti kutembenuka kwa photothermal sikuchepa kwambiri panthawi yochiza brine yochuluka kwambiri ndi madzi otayira mpaka mpweya utatha (ie, "zero discharge"), ndipo pamwamba pake imakhalabe yoyera "Science Advance" pansi pa mutu wakuti "A Water-lily-inspired Hierarchical Design for Stable and Efficient Solar Evaporation of High Sallinity.
- Mphamvu ya Nano: Molybdenum disulfide yotulutsa mpweya wamadzi
Ofufuza m'gulu la Lifeng Wan ku Deakin University's Institute for Frontier Materials apanga mndandanda wa ma transition metal disulfide ndi nitride heterostructures okhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri kuti madzi azitha kuuluka kudzera mu kusintha kwa kristalo pang'ono. Makamaka, ma 2D heterostructures apamwambawa amasonyeza kuyamwa kwa ma spectral mu infrared range komanso kukhazikika kwa mankhwala m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo madzi, ma acid ndi maziko. Chofunika kwambiri, chifukwa cha kuyamwa kwa ma spectral komanso kuchepa kwa kutentha, chipangizo cha kutentha cha MoS2-Mo5N6/ melamine foam (MF) chili ndi kuchuluka kwa kuuluka kwa madzi (2.31 kg m-2h-1) komanso mphamvu yosinthira (106.6%), zomwe ndi zokwera nthawi 1.4 ndi 4.7 kuposa zida za dzuwa za MoS2/MF ndi MF/water, motsatana. Ntchitoyi imapereka mndandanda wa ma 2D-2D TMDs-nitrogen-rich nitride heterostructures okhala ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yopangira madzi a dzuwa. Ntchitoyi idasindikizidwa mu Nano energy, magazini yapamwamba yapadziko lonse lapansi, ngati "Advanced 2D-2D heterostructures of transition metal dichalcogenides and nitrogen-rich nitrides for solar water".
Ukadaulo wa solar photothermal evaporation wamadzi ukuyembekezeka kuthetsa kusowa kwa madzi oyera padziko lonse lapansi, chomwe chikuyenera kuthetsedwa tsopano ndikukonzekera zotsika mtengo kwa zinthu zopangira ma photothermal, ntchito yogwira ntchito kwambiri, komanso kukhazikika komanso kukhazikika kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ogwiritsira ntchito, kuyembekezera zotsatira zambiri m'tsogolo kuti zithandize anthu onse!
Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza Melamine Foam, chonde titumizireni uthenga pa [email protected] kapena titumizireni uthenga pa: +86-28-8411-1861.
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